How to Prepare Your Garden for the Fall
Step 1Start a new compost bin for the upcoming season. Use a shovel or garden tool to scoop up your compost, and place it in a bucket or bin to use in your garden. Use up your older compost and add fresh organic matter to it every year. This will help your plants continue to receive rich nutrients.
You don’t have to get rid of every single compost scrap. Just make sure you use the majority of your compost to prevent wasting it.
Step 2
Clean up any dead plants and lawn debris from your garden bed. Walk around your garden and pick up any dead branches, dropped fruit, and other large garden debris. Pull up any spent plants to avoid pests and disease, as well. Then, add all of this organic matter to your compost pile after you clear it out.
You can wear gardening gloves to prevent injuries while cleaning up your yard.
Step 3
Rip out all of the weeds from your garden. In addition to removing dead plants and debris, it is helpful to weed your garden in the fall to prevent weeds from growing down the line. To do this, put on a pair of garden gloves and pull up the weed by its stem and roots. You want to remove its roots, so pull straight up with moderate force. Then, throw your weeds in your compost pile.
If the weeds are seeding or if you believe that they may grow new weeds, throw them away in the trash instead of the compost pile.
Go around all of your garden bed and pull up every weed you find.
Step 4
Inspect your trees and perennials and prune them accordingly. Look for discoloration or growths on the leaves, branches, and flowers of your plants. If you find any damaged or diseased spots, cut them off using garden shears or scissors. In addition, you can prune plants in the fall based on your climate zone. Some crops will be ready to prune as soon as fall strikes, while others can wait until the first frost or the next spring. Check your plants’ pruning instructions online.
For example, you can prune plants like perennial herbs, blackberries, raspberries, roses, and fruit trees.
To determine your hardiness zone, visit a site like https://garden.org/nga/zipzone/, and type in your zip code. Press “Go,” and then review the climate zone listed. This site will also offer information about when to prune your plants for the fall.
Step 5
Harvest all of your vegetables and herbs before you till your soil. When summer transitions to autumn, you can harvest your remaining crops to use during the colder months. Scavenge as much of your garden as you can! It is helpful to use a basket when collecting your crops. In addition, you can collect seeds from your crops if you want to grow them again next year.
For example, dig up your final carrots and potatoes, and pluck your final tomatoes or peppers.
You can also lay your herbs flat or hang bundles vertically for over 24 hours to dry them, if you’d like to use dried herbs for cooking or around your house.
Step 6
Check your soil nutrient composition and pH level using a test kit. Purchase a test kit, and use about 1–2 tablespoons (15–30 mL) of dirt from the top 2–4 inches (5.1–10.2 cm) of your soil. Put your soil in the testing chamber, and stop when you reach the indicated line. Then, add distilled water with an eye-dropper. Wait 1-2 minutes for the soil test to complete, and do this to test both nutrients and pH levels.
To determine the levels, check the color of the indicator and match it with the key on your test kit.
To make your soil more acidic, add sulfur, aluminum sulfate, or iron sulfate.
To make your soil more basic, use powdered limestone or lime.
If you don't want to amend your soil, choose plants that grow well in its natural pH.
Step 7
Loosen your soil with a rake or hand tool to aerate the soil. Your soil is likely compacted from walking over it during the summer months. To loosen up your soil, take a garden tool and dig up the top layer of soil.
Do this for both garden beds and raised beds.
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